Solar wind kinetic instabilities at small plasma betas

Abstract

The ordinary perpendicular mode of drifting bi-Maxwellian plasma particle distributions with and without temperature anisotropy can provide aperiodic instabilities. These instabilities occur if the perpendicular thermal energy is much smaller than the streaming energy. This provides instabilities at small parallel plasma betas β∥<1 and temperature anisotropies A < 1. In this regime, the solar wind is unstable, which cannot be explained so far. To clarify if the ordinary perpendicular mode can be responsible for this instability, here we compare measurements in the solar wind with the instability provided by this mode.