Abstract
Summary One of the reasons of ENSO excitation is the influence of solar cycles. The solar activity is reveling mainly by the Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) variations, solar wind and variations of solar magnetic field. The TSI variations affect directly all weather and climate indices. The solar wind and solar magnetic field modulate changes of the heliosphere, geomagnetic field and cosmic ray variations. Recently a new mechanism of climate modulation, based on cosmic ray variations and ozone production in low stratosphere near the tropopause, has been discovered. Some disturbances of solar magnetic field are connected with the North-South (N-S) solar asymmetry. The index of N-S solar asymmetry is highly correlated with ENSO variations in large number of frequency bands with interannual, decadal and centennial periodicity. The common harmonics of solar and ENSO cycles are determined by means of recently developed Method of Partial Fourier Approximation, where the trigonometric coefficients are estimated by the Method of Least Squares. The obtained results of high correlation between interannual harmonics of N-S solar asymmetry and ENSO events may resolve the questions about solar influence on Pacific temperature anomalies.
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