Abstract
A solar-driven unmanned hazardous and noxious substance (HNS) trapping device that can absorb, evaporate, condense, and collect HNSs was prepared. The HNS trapping device was composed of three parts: a reverse piloti structure (RPS) for absorption and evaporation of HNSs, Al mirrors with optimized angles for focusing light, and a cooling line system for the condensation of HNSs. The RPS was fabricated by assembling a lower rectangle structure and an upper hollow column. The lower rectangular structure showed a toluene evaporation rate of 6.31 kg/m2 h, which was significantly increased by the installation of the upper hollow column (11.21 kg/m2 h) and led to the formation of the RPS. The installation of Al mirrors on the RPS could further enhance the evaporation rate by 9.1% (12.28 kg/m2 h). The RPS system equipped with an Al mirror could rapidly remove toluene, xylene, and toluene–xylene with high evaporation rates (12.28–8.37 kg/m2 h) and could effectively collect these substances with high efficiencies (81–65%) in an unmanned HNS trapping device. This prototype HNS trapping device works perfectly without human involvement, does not need electricity, and thus is suitable for fast cleanup and collection of HNSs in the ocean.
Highlights
Ocean pollution has continuously occurred worldwide via industrial wastewaters, daily life activities, and oil spill accidents [1,2]
The hazardous and noxious substance (HNS) harvesting device was composed of three parts: an reverse piloti structure (RPS) for absorpt evaporation of HNSs, an Al mirror for focusing light, and a cooling line‐coated glas differential pressure gauge (TESTO 510i, TESTO, Titisee-Neustadt, Germany), and the air for HNS condensation
polyurethane sponge (PUS) with porous washollow employed as adiameter: main evaporation route0.5for and length: 2 cm) structures that were prepared by the stepwise coating of nanoparticles played as a role for enhancing the specific surface area
Summary
Ocean pollution has continuously occurred worldwide via industrial wastewaters, daily life activities, and oil spill accidents [1,2]. HNS spills may be more disastrous than oil spills for both ecosystems and humans because HNSs, such as benzene (B), toluene (T), and xylene (X), are highly flammable and hazardous materials and, if evaporated into the air, provoke severe air pollution [5,6,7]. A different approach from oil/water separation or oil spills is needed for cleanup of HNS. The currently available absorbents for oil/water separation may not have the necessary properties to be used for the absorption of HNS. Compared to the reported absorbents for oil/water separation, the absorbent for HNSs should possess different characteristics in terms of materials and structures. Studying the material and structure of HNS absorbents is necessary for the effective absorption and evaporation of HNSs. Most of the reported oil/water separation methods are manned.
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