SOIL PROTECTION BY USED OF COVER CROPS CONSORTIA AND SINGLE CULTIVATION

Daiana Jungbluth,Camila Roberta Pereira,Ana Regina Dahlem Ziech,Patrick Machado,Márcia Cristina Dos Santos

doi:10.21575/25254782rmetg2020vol5n71119

Daiana Jungbluth, Camila Roberta Pereira + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.21575/25254782rmetg2020vol5n71119

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Abstract

The no-till system has been growing over the years and for this system to be successful, it is essential to maintain permanent vegetation cover over the soil, an adequate crop rotation system with minimal overturning. A strategy for soil protection is to introduce species of cover crops in winter under single or intercropping. The objective was to evaluate the rate of soil cover by intercropping between black oats (Avena strigosa L.) and forage turnip (Raphanus sativus L.) at different sowing densities, as well as the isolated species in terms of soil protection under no-tillage. The study was conducted at the Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), campus Santa Helena, with a randomized block design, with five treatments and three repetitions. The treatments were: 100% black oats (BO); 100% forage turnip (FT); 75% BO + 25% FT; 50% BO + 50% FT and 25% BO + 75% FT. The cover crops were sown in May 2019. The percentage of soil cover from 21 to 91 days after sowing (DAS) was evaluated using the photographic method, with weekly collection of images in an area delimited by a metallic frame (25 m²), positioned on the ground at two fixed points per plot. The coverage rate quantification was estimated by overlaying a grid with 100 points of intersection over each image. The rate of soil cover by consortia and single crops did not show a statistically significant difference. To 49 days, consortia had coverage equal to or greater than 70%, while for single species, this percentage was reached at 56 DAS and 70 DAS, for BO and FT, respectively. All treatments showed high potential for soil protection and coverage rate from 70 DAS.

Highlights

The productive sector has been seeking technologies for the systems of agricultural production with ecological perspective, profitable and socially fair with a great preoccupation with conservation and environment preservation
It is very important to perform the correct handling of the soil through crop rotations, use of consortia with cover plants and green fertilization, to fight pests through biological control, as well as in the proper application of natural resources (ESPINDOLA et al, 2004)
2.1 Materials and Methods The experiment was conducted in the experimental area belonging to the Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Câmpus Santa Helena, located at 24o50'S and 54o20'W, at an orthometric altitude of approximately 236 m

Summary

Introduction

The productive sector has been seeking technologies for the systems of agricultural production with ecological perspective, profitable and socially fair with a great preoccupation with conservation and environment preservation. It seeks to use natural resources such as: water, soil, fauna and flora in a more responsible way and with a more agroecological view or at least sustainable for the agricultural sector (ESPINDOLA et al, 2004). In 1972 Herbert visited the United States and from there imported agricultural implements which he used on his property based on the NTS (ANDRADE et al, 2018)

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