Abstract
ABSTRACT Knowledge of the interactions between soil physical properties and yield performance in agricultural crops is very important for the adoption of appropriate management practices. This study aimed to evaluate the linear and spatial correlations between some soil physical attributes, straw production in the palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha), and grain yield of winter common bean in succession to the grass under an irrigated no-till system in an Oxisol Haplorthox in the Cerrado lowlands region of Brazil. The plant attributes determined were dry matter yield of U. brizantha (DMY), and grain yield (GY) and final plant population (PP) of winter common bean. The soil physical attributes, evaluated at 0.0-0.10 m and 0.10-0.20 m, were soil bulk density (BD), macroporosity (MA), microporosity (MI), total porosity (TP), penetration resistance (PR), gravimetric water content (GW), and volumetric water content (VW). A geostatistical grid with 124 sampling points was installed to collect the soil and plant data in an area of 4000 m2. The remaining straw amount of palisade grass exhibited an inverse linear correlation with bean yield and bean plant population when the bean was cultivated in succession. However, no spatial correlations were observed among the attributes. The common bean yield had a direct linear correlation with gravimetric water content in the 0.10-0.20 m soil layer. From a spatial point of view, winter bean yield showed a strong dependence on the distribution of the volumetric water content in the 0-0.10 m soil layer.
Highlights
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) can be grown virtually throughout the year in different regions of Brazil, provided there are no water and temperature limitations
Because soil physical attributes have an important influence on the development of cash crops and their management, this study aimed to evaluate the linear and spatial correlations between soil physical attributes, the dry matter productivity of palisade grass, and the productivity of winter bean grains in succession to the grass under a no-till systems (NTS) in the Brazilian Cerrado lowlands
The grain yield (GY) variability was similar to the values obtained by Montanari et al (2010) and Dalchiavon et al (2011) in an Oxisol Haplorthox under no-till (21.1% and 20.3%, respectively)
Summary
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) can be grown virtually throughout the year in different regions of Brazil, provided there are no water and temperature limitations. In recent years there has been much interest in finding more sustainable production systems than those in common use, and no-till systems (NTS) have proven to be excellent alternatives in tropical regions (KLUTHCOUSKI et al, 2000). Many forage species are used either in rotation or intercropped with grain crops, in order to provide feed in the off-season and/or mulch to the soil (straw) for subsequent crop coverage. The forage grasses of the genus Urochloa have often been used in this context, especially Urochloa brizantha Rich.) RD Webster „Marandu‟, known as Brachiaria brizantha
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