Soil Insecticide and Fungicide Treatment Effects on Peanut Pod Damage, Disease Incidence, and Yield, 1994

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Abstract Granular soil insecticides were evaluated in standard (Bravo) and alternative (Folicur, Moncut, and Tilt) fungicide programs for effects on pod damage, disease incidence, and yield. The test was conducted on a Varina loamy sand in Barnwell County, SC. The experimental design was a RCB with 6 replicates. The experimental unit was a plot 50 × 25 ft (8 rows on 38-inch spacing). Granular insecticides were applied at pegging (Jul 12, 53 DAP) with a 2-row electric Gandy applicator, using 5-inch banders centered over the row. Foliar fungicides were applied with a tractor-mounted 8-row boom (8003 nozzles, 40 psi, 16.9 gpa for the first 2 appl. dates; TX6 nozzles, 60 psi, 8.3 gpa for the last 4 appl. dates). Tire traffic was confined to rows 1—2 and 7—8 of each plot so there was no traffic on yield rows after granular insecticide application. Insect pod damage was evaluated after digging by examining four 25-pod samples per plot and recording external hull feeding and internal kernel damage. The external injury counts reported include those pods with internal injury. Pod injury was primarily due to wireworm feeding based on recovery of 1.0 wireworm larvae/ft2 from 4-in depth sieve samples taken on Sept 6. Disease incidence was evaluated within 1 h of digging by scanning 100 row ft per plot and estimating the total row ft symptomatic for southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) on the plant crown and Rhizoctonia limb rot on plant laterals. No measure of disease severity was taken. The middle four rows (two 100-ft subsamples per plot) were harvested for yield.