Soil compaction problems and subsoiling effects on potato crops: A review

Abstract

AbstractSubsoil compaction is universally known to have negative impacts on crop production. These impacts are prominent in modern mechanized systems that rely on extensive use of heavy field machinery. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an intensively managed crop with yields often limited by subsoil compaction and tillage pans. The mechanical loosening of compacted soil via subsoiling is often believed to be a useful method to enhance root elongation and improve a crop's ability to access deeper soil water. This is particularly important for potato because it is relatively more sensitive to water stress than many other crops. However, the outcome of subsoiling in potato systems is variable. Here we provide a concise and focused review on (a) the causes and problems of subsoil compaction in potato production, (b) the effectiveness of subsoiling as a remediation strategy, and (c) alternative strategies and directions for future research. The effects of subsoiling on potato tuber yield and quality, root development, water availability, and soil physical properties are summarized. The problem of soil reconsolidation after subsoiling and alternative methods to subsoiling are also discussed, in brief, to provide solutions. From the published literature, we conclude that potato yield and quality benefits from subsoiling are rare, temporary, and highly inconsistent. The only exception is when moisture is known to be the major limiting factor in a field. Alternative methods, such as controlled traffic and biological drilling, have potential to aid in remediating fields with subsoil compaction and minimizing future reoccurrence. These alternative methods need further research to identify points for optimization within potato systems and confounding conditions that may limit their potential as an effective tool for producers.