Abstract
Surface antimicrobial materials are of interest as they can combat the critical threat of microbial contamination without contributing to issues of environmental contamination and the development drug resistance. Most nanostructured surfaces are prepared by post fabrication modifications and actively release antimicrobial agents. These properties limit the potential applications of nanostructured materials on flexible surfaces. Here, we report on an easily synthesized plastic material with inherent antimicrobial activity, demonstrating excellent microbicidal properties against common bacteria and fungus. The plastic material did not release antimicrobial components as they were anchored to the polymer chains via strong covalent bonds. Time-kill kinetics studies have shown that bactericidal effects take place when bacteria come into contact with a material for a prolonged period, resulting in the deformation and rupture of bacteria cells. A scanning probe microscopy analysis revealed soft nanostructures on the submicron scale, for which the formation is thought to occur via surface phase separation. These soft nanostructures allow for polyionic antimicrobial components to be present on the surface, where they freely interact with and kill microbes. Overall, the new green and sustainable plastic is easily synthesized and demonstrates inherent and long-lasting activity without toxic chemical leaching.
Highlights
Microbial infection remains one of the most serious complications and has received much attention in recent years [1,2]
It is decorated proposedwith thata PIM-45 block and that the highly hydrophilic PIM-45 block successfully induced phase separation the surface nanostructures of PS*-1 in toluene or chloroform are PS-PIM co-polymer on the surface to create submicron scale structures
These results clearly indicate that the components in phase components in the copolymer can spontaneously assemble on the surface, induce the copolymer can spontaneously assemble on the surface, induce phase separation, and separation, and accumulates the surface nanostructures
Summary
Microbial infection remains one of the most serious complications and has received much attention in recent years [1,2]. We describe a new method to fabricate submicron soft nanostructures on a polystyrene film surface through a bottom-up approach via the copolymerization of 1% of polyionic components into hydrophobic polystyrene chains. The hydrophilic components self-assemble into different soft sub-micron structures. The surface structures nanostructures allow polyionic components, assemble into different soft sub-micron in different solvent systems. The situatednanostructures at the tip of nanostructure, to achieve greater flexibility and freedom to insurface allow polyionic components, situated at the tipthe of nanostructure, teract withgreater the surrounding therebyto granting to achieve flexibility microbes, and the freedom interactinherent with theantimicrobial surroundingproperties microbes, to the polystyrene resultant antimicrobial plastic attracts and kills bacthereby granting surface. Attracts and kills bacteria the semi-free polyionic plants, whichfunctioning capture andindigest insects uponto contact with the plant’s hairy leaf surfaces components, a similar manner.
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