Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries are currently used for various applications since they are lightweight, stable, and flexible. With the increased demand for portable electronics and electric vehicles, it has become necessary to develop newer, smaller, and lighter batteries with increased cycle life, high energy density, and overall better battery performance. Since the sources of lithium are limited and also because of the high cost of the metal, it is necessary to find alternatives. Sodium batteries have shown great potential, and hence several researchers are working on improving the battery performance of the various sodium batteries. This paper is a brief review of the current research in sodium-sulfur and sodium-air batteries.
Highlights
Energy storage has become one of the major global concerns as the world is preparing to find an alternative to fossil fuels for storage and energy generation
Battery in system are the insulating nature1,ofwhich the active material the sulfur and the shuttle effect because of are the used formation shown in Table summarizes cathode, electrolyte materials that in theofbattery, polysulfides during cycling, which stability of thecycles batteryatsystem
The electrolyte used significantly affects the formation of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film reducing the battery performance if the SEI film is unstable or improving the battery performance by the stable SEI film formation [59]
Summary
Metal-air batteries have been under investigation for many years because of their higher theoretical capacities. Because of limitations including poor cyclability, large overpotential, SEI (solid electrolyte interface) layer formation [39], blockage of cathode reaction sites by electrolyte decomposition [42,44], electrolyte degradation [39], and high lithium metal cost, several other battery chemistries are being studied simultaneously. In lithium-air batteries, lithiumdecomposition reacts with oxygen to electrolyte degradation [39], high lithiumspecies metal cost, several other chemistries are Li being form. Is being conducted on sodium aluminum air, deposition on the cathodesRecently, results in research lower reversal of discharge products duringair, charging. Batteries have promising results as an alternative metal-air battery have stable, does not andreported assists during the reversal of discharge products while and charging.
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