Abstract
The reduction of cognitive tasks brought about by new developments in service-robots’ collaboration with humans in working environments has given rise to new challenges as to how to address safety issues. This paper presents insights from biology, cognitive/neural sciences and sociology that can conquer these new challenges. The main focus lies in sociological variables that ensure safe human–robot interaction in working environments rather than addressing biological ones (avoiding bodily harm) or purely cognitive ones (avoiding any signals that are outside the human’s sensory comfort zones). We will present an approach on how to integrate behavioral patterns into the robotic system in order to prevent the problem of reduced cognition in relation to essential features, which are necessary for carrying out this pattern in the context of a human–robot interaction with non-humanoid robots (which is the most typical design of robots used in work environments).
Highlights
In our paper we will focus on human–robot cooperation in work environments from the perspective of human–robot interaction, and the insights that we have gathered so far based in experiments conducted in the Fabrication Laboratory “MTI-engAge” at the Technical University of Berlin
We propose the use of a conceptual instrument in the form of what we call a “behavioral crisis pattern”, which should be adapted to the specific robotic system and work environment according to perceptual-based principles from biology and basic sociological assumptions regarding the main factors that characterize interaction among humans
Our methodological framework is based upon biological and sociological foundations in the form of a behavioral pattern instrument, and by transferring this framework to robots in work environments, we can investigate to what extent the implementation of basic social patterns—e.g., a point of interaction—is beneficial for the cognitive load, the stress level and the overall quality of the interaction, even if the robot does not always perform as expected
Summary
In our paper we will focus on human–robot cooperation in work environments from the perspective of human–robot interaction, and the insights that we have gathered so far based in experiments conducted in the Fabrication Laboratory “MTI-engAge” at the Technical University of Berlin. These issues are indispensable; on the other hand, we believe that it is important to go one step beyond these obvious factors To achieve these goals, we propose the use of a conceptual instrument in the form of what we call a “behavioral crisis pattern”, which should be adapted to the specific robotic system and work environment according to perceptual-based principles from biology and basic sociological assumptions regarding the main factors that characterize interaction among humans. We would like to clarify from the beginning that the term “crisis” is a conceptual term taken from a very circumscribed approach to HHI within sociological theories mainly known as “ethnomethodology.” the humans cooperating with robots are not involved in a behavioral crisis in an everyday sense; we use the term “crisis” in a traditional ethnomethodological meaning to describe a robot behavior that surprises the human user To achieve this goal and the intended benefit, the robot has to act in such a way that is slightly different from the human’s expectations. We conclude with some prospective remarks concerning the measurement of our suggested instruments in the form of a behavioral crisis pattern
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