Abstract
AbstractResidential segregation is both a cause and consequence of socioeconomic inequalities. Since the 1990s, segregation patterns in Latin American cities have changed significantly. This is related to major urban transformations caused by privatization policies related to urban development, commercialization, and real estate activity. The main purpose of this chapter is to study residential socioeconomic segregation in the city of Bogotá, Colombia in 2005, using educational attainment as an indicator of socioeconomic status while considering the drivers of segregation during the 1990s. We also introduce a brief analysis of the relationship between residential segregation and inequality based on a model that allows replicating the income distribution of the population using census variables. This chapter shows that residential segregation in Bogotá is related to per capita income inequality, however, segregation may be caused by the dynamics of land and housing markets rather than inequality.
Highlights
Residential segregation has become relevant in recent decades due to the economic, social, and cultural effects of urban development which depend on the capitalist accumulation model (De Mattos 2002, 2012)
Another investigation renders that educational level is a key determinant for a higher residential segregation in both Bogotá and Medellín (Aliaga and Álvarez 2010; Medina et al 2008), which means that population groups are spatially localized and segregated according to their human capital
The weights estimated by the model are used in the estimation of per capita income with the 2005 census data in order to map the spatial distribution of income in the neighborhoods of Bogotá (Fig. 22.4) and compares the income map with the educational attainment map (Fig. 22.3)
Summary
Residential segregation has become relevant in recent decades due to the economic, social, and cultural effects of urban development which depend on the capitalist accumulation model (De Mattos 2002, 2012). Territories are not homogeneous in their material or symbolic components and Latin American cities are no exception.
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