Abstract

This open access book investigates the link between income inequality and socio-economic residential segregation in 24 large urban regions in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. It offers a unique global overview of segregation trends based on case studies by local author teams. The book shows important global trends in segregation, and proposes a Global Segregation Thesis. Rising inequalities lead to rising levels of socio-economic segregation almost everywhere in the world. Levels of inequality and segregation are higher in cities in lower income countries, but the growth in inequality and segregation is faster in cities in high-income countries. This is causing convergence of segregation trends. Professionalisation of the workforce is leading to changing residential patterns. High-income workers are moving to city centres or to attractive coastal areas and gated communities, while poverty is increasingly suburbanising. As a result, the urban geography of inequality changes faster and is more pronounced than changes in segregation levels. Rising levels of inequality and segregation pose huge challenges for the future social sustainability of cities, as cities are no longer places of opportunities for all.

Highlights

  • Rising Inequalities and a Changing Social Geography of Cities

  • Levels of inequality and segregation are higher in cities in lower income countries, but the growth in inequality and segregation is faster in cities in high-income countries, which leads to a convergence of global trends

  • The sets of Dissimilarity Index (DI) values show that residential segregation between the top and bottom income groups is much higher than between the bottom and the middle-income group

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Summary

Introduction

Rising Inequalities and a Changing Social Geography of Cities. An Introduction to the Global Segregation BookMaarten van Ham, Tiit Tammaru, Ruta Ubareviciene, and Heleen Janssen AbstractThe book “Urban Socio-Economic Segregation and Income Inequality: a Global Perspective” investigates the link between income inequality and residential segregation between socio-economic groups in 24 large cities and their urban regions in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. When referring to socio-economic segregation we mean an uneven distribution of different occupational or income groups across residential neighbourhoods of a city or an urban region. The number and share of people living in households headed by native-born non-Hispanic whites have declined relatively and absolutely not just in the older central cities like New York City or Newark, and in the whole region, falling from 6.4 to 5.9 million between 2000 and 2017 and from 52.1 to 47.9% of the FUA total This story of the native white population decline is relatively old, but the pattern extends to native African American and Puerto Rican households (For most of the period between 1950 and 1980, Puerto Ricans contributed to the vast majority of Hispanic households). The FUA’s total population rose 6.5% between 2000 and 2017

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