Socio-demographic Profile, Risk Factors, and Outcomes among Patients with Covid-19 Reinfection in a Tertiary Government Covid-19 Referral Center

Abstract

COVID-19 reinfection is an emerging concept in the evolution of this pandemic. Protection conferred from active disease and vaccinations are not fully known. Other patient related factors need to be identified and investigated. The current study describes patients’ profile and identifies possible risk factors that significantly contribute to the likelihood of COVID-19 reinfection and outcomes. This is a single center retrospective study on COVID-19 reinfected patients admitted in a government referral center in Davao City from January 2021 to December 2021. The socio-demographic profile of the patients was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Linear and logistic regression analysis were utilized for assessment of risk factors, COVID-19 severity, and outcomes to COVID-19 reinfection. There were 45 COVID-19 reinfected patients identified. Two thirds were adults ages 19 to 44 years-old. Female patients account for 60% of the cases. Almost fifty percent were health care workers. One third of the patients had 1 comorbidity. Sixty percent of the patients had weakened immunity. There were 71.11% of the reinfected patients were vaccinated. Female patients and health care workers are three times more likely to be reinfected. Patients with weakened immunity are twenty-nine times more likely to be reinfected. Reinfection increases the number of hospital days by 6.51. Increasing number of comorbidities and weakened immunity are significant factors for longer ICU stay. Wherein, weakened immunity has 2.8 more days in ICU. Patients with weakened immunity are eleven times more likely to need oxygen or ventilatory support. In contrast, vaccinated patients less likely require oxygen by 29%.