Social Withdrawal: A Systematic Review of the Influencing Mechanism, Forming Reason and Discussing the Affected Groups

Abstract

As societal awareness and understanding of mental health knowledge gradually increase, the impact of various psychological issues on individuals has garnered growing public attention. Symptoms associated with social withdrawal, such as depression, anxiety, and loneliness, are increasingly prevalent among adolescents according to data. The consequences of social withdrawal extend beyond physical problems and can lead to severe mental illnesses. This article presents a systematic literature review on social withdrawal across different age groups to explore the challenges and pressures faced by individuals during this stage of life. The findings indicate that individual shyness, peer rejection, social anxiety, and excessive use of technological platforms like social media are key factors contributing to social withdrawal. For adolescents specifically, peer relationships, academic achievement, and parental attachment play significant roles in either choosing or being compelled into a state of withdrawal from society. In adults, high societal pressure and familial expectations also contribute to their tendency for isolation. Furthermore, inevitable aging processes coupled with self-perceptions related to old age have emerged as primary causes for contemporary elderly individuals' retreat from society. Social withdrawal significantly impacts both mental and physical well-being while hindering the development of essential social skills; however supportive relationships along with healthy lifestyles and targeted interventions aimed at improving these skills can effectively address individual struggles with social withdrawal.