Abstract
Italy has one of the biggest cultural heritage in the world, but nowadays it is facing a strong crisis, concerning its management and key resources (economic, human, financial, etc). This article aims to contribute to social innovation studies by focusing on the emergence of new actors in cultural heritage management field, through an approach centered on hybrid organizational form. This is a preliminary study which analyze cultural initiatives carried out by social enterprises that have positive impacts, both social and economic, in terms of development of the local community and tourist attraction. According with the preliminary results, beyond public and private administration, Neapolitan social enterprises apply a hybrid organizational form in cultural heritage management, efficiently and effectively. Enterprises studied, in which social entrepreneurship and innovative business model emerge, play an active role responding to both individual and social needs through a cooperative and collaborative attitude.
Highlights
Globalization, and economic, financial, and societal crisis, have shown the inability of welfare system to respond to social needs -aging population, youth unemployment, poverty, inequality, and migration are just some examples, and this situation of general crisis has prompted policy makers -government, market, enterprise, and citizens- to redefine new actors, roles and business models that pursue sustainable development
We have witnessed the arise of social enterprises which operate into the field of cultural heritage management
According to Grassl (2012), business model of social enterprises analyzed fulfill the following conditions: (a) They are driven by a social mission; (b) they generate positive externalities for society; (c) they recognize the centrality of entrepreneurial function; (d) they achieve competitiveness on market trough effective planning and management
Summary
Globalization, and economic, financial, and societal crisis, have shown the inability of welfare system to respond to social needs -aging population, youth unemployment, poverty, inequality, and migration are just some examples-, and this situation of general crisis has prompted policy makers -government, market, enterprise, and citizens- to redefine new actors, roles and business models that pursue sustainable development. In this scenario, social innovation and hybrid enterprise can respond to the social need of promoting and protecting the initiatives in the cultural and tourism sector, filling a gap in the current welfare system. In the presence of the current economic and social changes, hybrid models are spreading out in different fields and sectors
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