Abstract
Sleep apnea syndrome is a highly prevalent disease that is still underdiagnosed and undertreated. Repeated episodes consisting of the partial or total occlusion of the upper airways (pharynx) can occur during sleep. The classic symptom triad consists of snoring, apneic pauses and daytime drowsiness. Today we know that severe obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (more than 30 episodes per hour of sleep) carries an increased cardiovascular risk, in addition to drowsiness. Diagnosis is performed by recording multiple variables during sleep, including nasal airflow and respiratory movements. In addition to healthy lifestyle and sleep habits, the essential treatment consists of applying continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) using a nasal mask to highly symptomatic patients or those with a high apnea-hypopnea index.
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