SNAKEBITE POISONING: Advances in treatment, Vaccination, and Management Strategies

Abstract

So, roughly 15% of the 3000 snake species discovered globally are thought to be harmful to humans. The eastern and western diamondback rattlesnakes cause the most fatalities. Snake poisoning deaths are more common in youngsters, the elderly, and those to whom antivenom is not supplied or is administered late or in insufficient quantities. Snake poisoning kills mostly young individuals between the ages of 17 and 27. Snakebites envenoming is mostly an occupational condition that can result in death or severe disability. The treatment is based on both the patient's history and a syndromic approach. The treatment should be provided rapidly and affordably to all citizens of the particular country. Snakes have both dry and moist bites. Dry bites do not produce envenoming symptoms. In such a situation, many people noticed it as a miraculous solution that suggested the bite from the offending snake species was quite innocuous. The diagnosis for such bites is also not noted in the literature, which may cause difficulty while treating the sufferer with antivenom. Because humans are too huge to be considered food for even the largest dangerous snakes, snakes may not always deliver venom when they bite, instead saving this metabolically costly weapon for predation. These dry bites appear as bites from non-venomous snakes, which exhibit comparable symptoms. To aid with this, a greater awareness of both the snake-related and human-related aspects involved in both wet and dry snakebites is essential. Snake venom poisoning is a complex medical emergency that not only involves the site of bite but also multiple organ failure; hence, contacting a physician who is qualified in the diagnosis and treatment of venomous snake bites is vital.