Smear positive tuberculosis and genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis isolates in individuals visiting health facilities in South Gondar Zone, northwest Ethiopia.

Amir Alelign,Beyene Petros,Gobena Ameni,Mark Spigelman

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0216437

Amir Alelign, Beyene Petros + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216437

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Journal: PloS one	Publication Date: Aug 8, 2019
Citations: 4	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Addis Ababa University, Debre Berhan University

Abstract

BackgroundTuberculosis (TB), a bacterial infectious disease, continues to be a public health concern in many developing countries. However, lack of data concerning the public health burden and potential risk factors for the disease hampers control programs in target areas. Therefore, the aims of present study were to determine the prevalence of TB and genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis isolates from individuals visiting health facilities in South Gondar Zone, northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectonal study was conducted between March 2015 and April 2017. Bacteriological examination, region of difference (RD) 9 based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and spoligotyping were used.ResultsThe overall prevalence of all smear positive TB was 6.3% (186/2953). Extra pulmonary TB (EPTB) was clinically characterized in about 62.4% (116/186) TB-positive cases. Some demographic characteristics, such as patients' origin (districts where patients were recruited) [patients’ origin (chi-square (χ2) value; 62.8,p<0.001) were found to be significantly associated risk factors for the occurrence of TB in the study area. All the mycobacterial isolates were found to be M. tuberculosis. Among the 35 different spoligotype patterns identified, 22 patterns were shared types.The three dominantly identified families were T, CAS and Manu, each consisting of 46.9%, 24.0% and 10.4% of the isolates, respectively.ConclusionThe present study revealed that TB continues to be a public health problem in South Gondar Zone which suggests a need of implementing effective disease control strategies.

Highlights

MethodsA cross-sectonal study was conducted between March 2015 and April 2017. Bacteriological examination, region of difference (RD) 9 based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and spoligotyping were used
Tuberculosis (TB), a bacterial infectious disease, continues to be a public health concern in many developing countries
The aims of present study were to determine the prevalence of TB and genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis isolates from individuals visiting health facilities in South Gondar Zone, northwest Ethiopia

Summary

Methods

A cross-sectonal study was conducted between March 2015 and April 2017. Bacteriological examination, region of difference (RD) 9 based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and spoligotyping were used. The study was conducted in South Gondar Zone, Amhara Region, northwest Ethiopia. Debre Tabor is the capital town of the Zone. It is 666 kms from Addis Ababa and 99 kms from the capital city of Amhara Region, Bahir Dar. There are 10 districts (third administrative unit) in the Zone. South Gondar zone has a total population of 2,051,738, and a population density of 145.56; About 90.47% of the total populaton wererural inhabitants. A total of 468,238 households were counted in this Zone, which results in an average of 4.38 persons to a household and 453,658 housing units [11]. Like the rest of the zones in the northwestern part of the country, the livelihood of the community in South Gondar is largely dependent on subsistence agriculture [12]

Results

Discussion

Conclusion