Molecular detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis sensitivity to rifampicin and isoniazid in South Gondar Zone, northwest Ethiopia

Amir Alelign,Samuel Tolosa,Temesgen Mohammed,Aboma Zewude,Beyene Petros,Gobena Ameni

doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3978-3

Amir Alelign, Samuel Tolosa + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-3978-3

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Abstract

BackgroundDrug resistant tuberculosis (TB) has become a persistent health threat in Ethiopia. In this respect, baseline data are scarce in many parts of high TB burden regions including the different zones of Ethiopia.MethodsA total of 111 culture positive M. tuberculosis isolates were recovered from TB patients and identified using region of difference (RD) 9 based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and spoligotyping. Thereafter, their drug sensitivities to Rifampicin (RIF) and Isoniazid (INH) were evaluated using GenoType MTBDRplus assay.ResultsThe result showed that 18.0% (20/111) of the isolates were resistant to either RIF or INH. Furthermore, 16.7 and 23.8% of the isolates from new and retreatment cases were resistant to any of the two anti-TB drugs, respectively. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB was detected on 1.8% (2/111) of all cases. Significantly higher frequencies of any drug resistance were observed among Euro-American (EA) major lineage (χ2: 9.67; p = 0.046).ConclusionConsiderably high proportion of drug resistant M. tuberculosis strains was detected which could suggest a need for an increased effort to strengthen TB control program in the study area.

Highlights

Drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) has become a persistent health threat in Ethiopia
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by M. tuberculosis complex and persists to be a public health threat globally
About 490,000 cases of multidrug resistant-TB (MDR-TB) and an additonal 110, 000 cases that were susceptible to INH but resistant to RIF, Rifampisin resistance (RR)-TB; the most effective first-line anti-TB drug were reported at the end of 2016 [1]

Summary

Introduction

Drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) has become a persistent health threat in Ethiopia. In this respect, baseline data are scarce in many parts of high TB burden regions including the different zones of Ethiopia. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by M. tuberculosis complex and persists to be a public health threat globally. In Ethiopia, the estimated total TB incidence in 2016 was 177 per 100,000 population. This was greater than the global average of 140 /100,000 [1]. Drug resistant TB remains to be a public health threat in many parts of the world.

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