Smart construction material: Utilization of M−sand to mitigate environmental pollution and generalized mix design thereof

Abstract

The insufficiency of conservative materials like cement, sand and aggregates becomes the main critical problem in civil engineering domain among the higher demand of best quality control infrastructure. This research paper is emphasized on fine aggregates (sand). Sand which is dredged from the river bank is unfavorable in favor of the environment due to the depletion of underground surface water table near the surface zone which included soil and rocks permanent saturation under the water. In this regard an experimental research has been conducted on M−Sand. The mix design procedure only with M−Sand has not been described in any design codes even for distinct value percentage of M−sand and grade of concrete. A generalized mix design procedure is developed here for 50% river sand and 50% M−sand to increase or decrease the quantity of M−sand in nearby future. A parametric study has been carried out for distinct value percentages of M−Sand. In this paper to show the impact of M−sand on river sand a mix design tests of M−25 grade concrete including river sand and replacement M−Sand as a fine aggregate in distinct values of i.e. 0.0%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 80% & 100% ratios have been conducted. It is observed that almost mechanical-chemical characteristics of river bank sand and crushed stone (manufactured) M−Sand are similar. Results are described here in graphical form to show the influence of M−sand and it is concluded that M−Sand can be utilized as a partial or completely replacement material in place of river sand with high compressive, tensile and flexural strengths of concrete cubes, cylindrical and beam specimens respectively. Results revels positive response to use M−sand to mitigate the environmental pollution.