Abstract
Lean cemented sand and gravel (LCSG) materials are increasingly being used in dams, embankments, and other civil engineering applications. Therefore, their mechanical properties and stress‐strain behavior should be systematically understood. In this study, the small‐strain dynamic properties of LCSG materials were examined. A series of dynamic triaxial tests were performed to investigate the effects of the confining pressure and cementing agent content of the material on its dynamic shear modulus (Gd) and damping ratio (λ). The results show that Gd increased and λ decreased with increasing confining pressure and cementing agent content; however, under the same confining pressure and cementing agent content, Gd decreased gradually in accordance with shear strain. Furthermore, new expressions were derived for Gd and λ, as well as for their maxima. The results of this study could provide a reference for practical engineering applications, including the construction of dams using LCSG materials.
Highlights
Lean cemented sand and gravel (LCSG) dams are structures that originated in the 1970s and exploit the advantages of both concrete-faced rockfill and roller-compacted concrete dams [1]. e cross section of an LCSG dam typically has a trapezoidal shape
We propose and examine an approach to determine the small-strain dynamic properties of LCSG material specimens using cyclic triaxial tests under different cementing agent contents and varying confining pressures under anisotropic stress conditions. e small-strain dynamic properties examined include the dynamic shear modulus Gd and damping ratio λ
As the cyclic loading accumulates, the internal structure of the sample loosens, manifesting as a nonlinear decrease in Gd with cd. at is, the Gd−cd curves of the LCSG material can be described in two stages: gradual decrease and rapid decrease, but there is an unremarkable transition between the two stages, which is different from the two-stage variations in Gd with cd observed for cementstabilized silty clay (CSC), cement and fly ash-stabilized silty
Summary
Lean cemented sand and gravel (LCSG) dams are structures that originated in the 1970s and exploit the advantages of both concrete-faced rockfill and roller-compacted concrete dams [1]. e cross section of an LCSG dam typically has a trapezoidal shape. Lean cemented sand and gravel (LCSG) dams are structures that originated in the 1970s and exploit the advantages of both concrete-faced rockfill and roller-compacted concrete dams [1]. Unlike a concrete-faced rockfill and roller-compacted concrete dams, the LCSG dams have many advantages, such as a significantly smaller volume and temporary flooding of the dam during the construction period. The number of LCSG dam projects has increased. LCSG materials consist of sand, gravel, cement, and water, among other materials. Their cement content is generally lower than 100 kg/m3, whereas that in a conventional concrete or roller-compacted concrete dam is generally higher than 100 kg/m3. Natural aggregate gradation is generally adopted, which is less rigid than the aggregate gradation for concrete. us, the LCSG material is essentially concrete with a small amount of cement
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