Small-scale LNG projects: Theoretical framework for interaction between stakeholders

Abstract

Currently, there is a beginning of liquefied natural gas (LNG) market transformation, which is deepening global supply chains through the growth of the number of small-scale projects. The main driver of this transformation was the creation of large-scale LNG hubs, which did not meet expectations for improving the efficiency of gas distribution systems (like in Europe). This has led to an understanding of the need of increasing flexibility and decentralization of gas supply projects, which is almost impossible to implement with traditional large and medium scale facilities. Increasing decentralization leads to a change in the role and composition of stakeholders, and, consequently, determines new algorithms and schemes for their interaction, which are poorly described in the scientific literature. This paper systematizes information about the specifics of such project implementation, defines a list of key stakeholders, their area of responsibility and area of interests. Proposed conceptual model of interaction between stakeholders has shown a significant dependence of small-scale projects on regional economic and infrastructure conditions, as well as on the availability of multiple distributed points of gas consumption.