Abstract
The goals of precision medicine are to link diagnostic and therapeutic agents, improve clinical outcomes, and minimize side effects. We present a simple, small, flexible three-armed core structure that can be conjugated to targeting, imaging, and therapeutic moieties. The targeting molecule can be a peptide, protein, or chemical compound. The diagnostic reporter can be optical and/or nuclear in nature, and can be replaced by chemo- and/or radiotherapeutic compounds for treatment using a single targeting molecule. Imaging components can be used to detect disease biomarkers, monitor treatment response, and guide surgery in real-time to create a tumor-free margin. Isotope impurity can be exploited to visualize whole-body distribution of therapeutic agents. The one-to-one ratio of targeting component to therapeutic agents facilitates dose calculation. The simple synthesis and flexible, modular nature of the agent facilitate high-purity, large-scale production. The core capacity to “seek, treat, and see” may advance precision medicine in the future.
Highlights
The goals of precision medicine are to improve clinical outcomes and minimize side effects
We confirmed the zymographic findings (Figure 5A and 5B) and demonstrated much stronger binding of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-targeting agent to cultured U87 (Figure 5C and 5E) than to A549 (Figure 5D and 5F) cells. These findings demonstrate that our MMP-targeting agent targets the cells that show high levels of active MMP
Precision medicine is the trend in research and clinical practice and entails accurate disease prediction, diagnosis, effective treatment with minimal side effects, and therapeutic management [6]
Summary
The goals of precision medicine are to improve clinical outcomes and minimize side effects. Advances in precision medicine identify and link diagnostic and treatment options [1]. Molecular imaging can provide information on disease status and treatment response at the cellular and molecular levels. Sensitive and specific targeting components can guide choice of chemo-, radio-, or surgical therapies. By replacing diagnostic reporters with therapeutic agents, molecular imaging agents can be readily converted to target-specific drugs that treat disease locally at the cellular and molecular level, minimizing systemic toxicity. This switch links diagnostic and treatments options, improving both
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