Abstract
The present publication focuses on the specific synthesis of SiO2 multiplets by the sol–gel process according to Stober. The experiments were analyzed by means of small-angle X-ray scattering and TEM. To evaluate the experimental scattering data of various aggregate structures (multiplets), simulations had to be performed first in order to study the influence of the multiplet structures on the scattering data. It was shown that the nonisometry ratio QNI proposed by us, the quotient of two different gyration radii Rg,Guinier/Rg,qmax1, allows for a very simple and rapid evaluation of the multiplet structure. For the production of multiplet structures, ammonia concentration was varied while keeping the other process parameters constant. At low catalyst concentrations, the aggregate structures desired were synthesized due to low stabilization of primary particles. With increasing ammonia concentration, single, nonaggregated particles were obtained. A defined primary particle size was achieved by an adaptation...
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