Abstract
Natural sleep aids are becoming more popular due to the widespread occurrence of sleep disorders. The objective of this study was to assess the sleep-promoting effects of rice bran—a product that is considered as a functional ingredient. To evaluate the sleep-promoting effects of a standardized rice bran supplement (RBS), we employed a pentobarbital-induced sleep test and conducted analyses of sleep architecture. In addition, the effect of RBS on a caffeine-induced sleep disturbance was investigated. Oral administration of RBS (500 and 1000 mg/kg) produced a significant decrease in sleep latency and increase in sleep duration in pentobarbital-induced sleep in mice. Moreover, both RBS (1000 mg/kg) and doxepin hydrochloride (histamine H1 receptor antagonist, 30 mg/kg) counteracted a caffeine-induced sleep disturbance in mice. In terms of sleep phases, RBS (500 mg/kg) promoted non-rapid eye movement sleep for the first 3 h following its administration. Lastly, we unveiled a possible mechanism for RBS action as the hypnotic effect of RBS was blocked by a histamine H1 receptor agonist. The present study revealed sleep-promoting effects of RBS using various animal assays. Such effects seem to be mediated through the histaminergic system. Our findings suggest that RBS may be a promising natural aid for relieving sleep problems.
Highlights
Sleep, which accounts for one-third of the human lifespan, plays a critical role in maintaining health and well-being [1]
In order to identify identify additional additional hypnotic effects of rice bran supplement (RBS), RBS, we we investigated investigated whether RBS could attenuate a sleep disturbance introduced by caffeine–a routinely consumed stimulant that may cause attenuate a sleep disturbance introduced by caffeine–a routinely consumed stimulant that may cause symptoms of insomnia [15,16]
These results suggest that the hypnotic effects exerted by RBS are likely mediated by thebyhistaminergic, butbut notnot
Summary
Sleep, which accounts for one-third of the human lifespan, plays a critical role in maintaining health and well-being [1]. The quantity and quality of sleep greatly contributes to physical and cognitive performance, immune system functioning, mood stability, productivity, and quality of life [2]. Sleep has a significant impact on health and quality of life [3], insomnia is a current widespread health complaint, and has become a prevalent and disruptive problem in modern industrial societies [4,5]. Insomnia is generally characterized by difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, resulting in non-restorative sleep and impaired daytime functioning [6]. According to numerous surveys conducted worldwide, 10–15% of the adult population suffers from chronic insomnia, while an additional 25–35% has transient or occasional insomnia [5].
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