Sleep duration, insomnia and associated factors among Ukrainians one year after Russia's full-scale invasion.

Abstract

We aimed to investigate the prevalence of sleep disturbances and associated factors among Ukrainians one year after Russia's full-scale invasion. Quota sampling was used to collect online survey data from 2,364 adults living in Ukraine aged 18-79 years from 5 April 2023 to 15 May 2023. Short sleep duration was defined as sleep duration ≤6 hours and long sleep duration as ≥9 hours. Insomnia was assessed by the Insomnia Symptom Questionnaire. The prevalence of short sleep duration, long sleep duration, and insomnia was 39.4%, 6.9%, and 38.5%, respectively. Short sleep duration and insomnia were both more likely in females (short sleep duration adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.44; insomnia: aOR = 2.17), individuals with depression (short sleep duration: aOR = 1.61; insomnia: aOR = 7.76), affected by the 2014 Russian invasion (short sleep duration: aOR = 1.37; insomnia: aOR = 1.78), and with more trauma events (short sleep duration: Quartile 3 vs Q1: aOR = 1.88; Q4 vs Q1: aOR = 1.83; insomnia: Q3 vs Q1: aOR = 2.14; Q4 vs Q1: aOR = 2.32). Insomnia was more likely in Ukrainians with PTSD (aOR = 2.95), anxiety (aOR = 4.57), and loneliness (aOR = 1.67). Essential public service was associated with short sleep duration (aOR = 1.64). Short sleep duration and insomnia were associated with lower quality of life in physical, psychological, and environmental domains. Insomnia was associated with the social relationships domain. Sleep health among Ukrainian adults one year into the war is concerning, with more than one-third reporting inadequate sleep or insomnia. More studies are needed on impacts and interventions for sleep health during and after the war.