Abstract
BackgroundAlthough the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and sleep duration is generally recognized, the results are inconsistent, and investigations examining the effects of seep duration and diet on CVD are rare.MethodsThe gender-difference in the effect of the sleep duration on Framingham risk score (FRS)-related factors, 10‐year predicted CVD risk, and dietary consumption was analyzed in 14,111 subjects (Men n = 5,727; Women n = 8,384) aged ≥20 from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.ResultsThe gender difference in the CVD risk factors according to sleep duration was observed. Only women with short sleep durations (<7 h/day) exhibited elevated FRS factors, such as systolic blood pressures (SBP) (P < 0.001), diastolic blood pressures (DBP) (P = 0.008), and the proportion of hypertension (HTN) treatments (P < 0.001), but not for men. Moreover, the 10-year predicted CVD risk, as evaluated with the FRS, was higher in women with short sleep durations (P < 0.001). Women with short sleep durations consumed significantly more dietary carbohydrates (CHO) than those with normal sleep durations (P < 0.001). Additionally, the ORs for intermediate and high 10-year predicted CVD risks and CVD–related factors, such as high age, elevated SBP, and HTN treatment, significantly increased with short sleep durations among women [OR (95 % CI) = 1.709 (1.359–2.149) for CVD risk, 1.976 (1.756–2.224) for high age, 1.535 (1.291–1.826) for elevated SBP, and 1.515 (1.320–1.739) for HTN treatment].ConclusionsShort sleep duration influenced dietary carbohydrate consumption and elevated FRS-related factors as well as 10-year predicted CVD risk. Our findings demonstrated that the CVD risk has been potentially modified by short sleep durations and greater CHO consumptions.
Highlights
The association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and sleep duration is generally recognized, the results are inconsistent, and investigations examining the effects of seep duration and diet on Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are rare
systolic blood pressures (SBP), diastolic blood pressures (DBP), smoking status, HTN treatment, 10-year predicted CVD risk, and physical activity were significantly higher in the men, but high density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly higher in the women
10-year predicted CVD risk factors and dietary macronutrient consumption according to sleep duration The 10-year predicted CVD risk factors and dietary macronutrient consumptions according to sleep duration after applying the adjustments for body mass index (BMI) and physical activity are shown in Tables 2 and 3
Summary
The association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and sleep duration is generally recognized, the results are inconsistent, and investigations examining the effects of seep duration and diet on CVD are rare. The risk factors for CVD include metabolic risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity, behavioral risk factors, such as smoking, an unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, heavy alcohol consumption, and gender, age, genetic disposition, and other factors [1]. It has generally been recognized that normal sleep durations decrease the risk of CVD events [6,7,8,9,10,11,12]. Short sleep duration could cause a raise in total quantity and quality of dietary consumption [13, 14], those change could eventually influence degree of the CVD [14]. Studies of the relationship between CVD and sleep duration in Asian population are very rare
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