Abstract
BackgroundDisrupted sleep rhythms may lead to cancer development. We conducted a population-based cohort study to evaluate the incidence and risk of prostate cancer in patients with sleep disorders (SDs).MethodsPatients newly diagnosed with SDs between 2000 and 2010 were enrolled from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database. A non-SD cohort age-matched (5-y intervals), comorbidities, and medications was randomly sampled from the general population at a 1:1 ratio. The follow-up period extended from the index date of SDs to the diagnosis of prostate cancer, censoring, or the end of 2013. We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate the risk of prostate cancer.ResultsIn total, 41,444 patients were enrolled in each cohort. The mean age of the SD cohort was 48.0 years and that of the non-SD cohort was 47.8 years, with 58.2% of both cohorts aged younger than 50 years. The incidence of prostate cancer increased with age. The overall incidence of prostate cancer was higher in the SD cohort than in the non-SD cohort (9.56 vs 6.36 per 10,000 person-y), with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.42 (95% CI = 1.20–1.69). Age-specific analysis revealed a 1.35-fold increased risk of prostate cancer in the patients aged ≥65 years in the SD cohort compared with the non-SD counterparts (95% CI = 1.10–1.65).ConclusionsPatients with SDs are associated with increased risk of prostate cancer.
Highlights
Disrupted sleep rhythms may lead to cancer development
[22] The Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID) is a sub-database of the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), which was established by the National Health Insurance Administration (NHIA) and is maintained by the National Health Research Institutes
The overall incidence of prostate cancer was 51% greater in the sleep disorders (SDs) cohort than in the non-SD cohort (9.56 vs 6.36 per 10,000 person-years), with an adjusted Hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.42 (Table 2)
Summary
Disrupted sleep rhythms may lead to cancer development. We conducted a population-based cohort study to evaluate the incidence and risk of prostate cancer in patients with sleep disorders (SDs). Previous studies have suggested that sleep disruption and circadian dysrhythmia may increase the risk of breast cancer in women. [9, 10] Prostate cancer has become a major public health issue in men worldwide, though the etiology of the disease remains elucidative. Two studies have reported that short sleep duration is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer. [11, 12] Markt et al [13] conducted a prospective study and did not find association between sleep duration and risk of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is a leading cancer in men and causes a considerable economic and public health burden. Two studies have reported that short sleep duration is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer. [11, 12] Markt et al [13] conducted a prospective study and did not find association between sleep duration and risk of prostate cancer.
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