Sleep and EEG patterns in the chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain

Abstract

Chronic neuropathic pain patients often report sleep disturbances such as reduced amount of sleep and excessive daytime tiredness. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible abnormalities in sleep patterns in a widely used animal model of neuropathic pain. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were chronically implanted with electrodes for electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) registrations to allow continuous 24-h polygraphic recording. Subsequently, a chronic constriction injury (CCI) was inflicted on eight rats in accordance with the CCI model of neuropathic pain and a sham operation was performed on another eight rats. The polygraphic recordings were repeated 13, 27, 55, and 146 days after surgery. Although the CCI animals developed significant mechanical and cold allodynia and heat hyperalgesia, there were no significant differences between the CCI rats and the sham-operated control animals in the spontaneous EEG/EMG in homecage-like conditions. It is concluded that in the chronic phase, this neuropathic pain model does not produce clear sleep disturbances. Such an absence of general suffering from sleep disturbances is advantageous to the CCI model as it makes use of the model more acceptable ethically. Nonetheless, this outcome appears to be in contrast with the clinical situation in neuropathic pain and therefore could also be seen as a disadvantage for the face validity of the CCI model.