Skoochies and component substances induced testicular damage and impaired sperm functions via increase generation of reactive oxygen species and impairment of the glutathione system in rats.

Abstract

ObjectiveTo study examined the effect of skoochies, an illicit cocktail drink, on testicular and sperm function in male rats. DesignTwenty-five adult male Wistar rats were assigned randomly into five groups (n = 5), as follows: Normal saline (NS group), skoochies (SK group), cannabis sativa (CS group), codeine (CO group), and tramadol (TM group). The cocktail (skoochies) used for this study was formulated using the following composition: codeine (5mg/kg), tramadol (20mg/kg) and cannabis extract (2mg/kg). These doses are as previously reported. Administration was done once daily for twenty-eight (28) days. ResultsSkoochies increased reactive oxygen species generation and impaired the antioxidant system resulting in inflammation that eventually damage the testicular tissue. Skoochies causes oxido-inflammatory injury to the testicular tissues resulting in impaired testicular functions. This was evident by the distorted cytoarchitecture, reduced sperm count, motility and impaired testicular DNA integrity. ConclusionThus, our results infer that Skoochies induced the impairment of testicular and sperm function through the increased generation of reactive oxygen species and impairment of the glutathione system.