Abstract
This chapter describes the condition where an increase in pigmentation of the skin occurs. Increase of melanin in the skin occurs after many forms of irritation or inflammation, for example, sunburn and dermatitis. Patchy increase in pigmentation in Indians and allied races is common. In nearly every case of leukoderma, there is a zone of hyperpigmentation around the white patches. Diffuse melanoderma is a feature of certain systemic diseases, especially when the endocrine glands are involved. In Riehl's melanosis, after a period of itching, redness, and peeling of the skin, patches of pigmentation appear on various parts of the body, especially the face and neck. Patches of pigmentation may follow the use of intramuscular iron in the treatment of anemia. The pigmentation is usually over the site of the injection, but occasionally is far removed from it. In some cases, after gold therapy, a gold salt is deposited in the skin on the light-exposed areas. It varies in color from lilac-grey to fawn or brown, and is often seen at the edges of patches of lupus erythematosus that have been so treated.
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