Sizing Procedure for System Hybridization Based on Experimental Source Modeling in Grid Application

Nissim Amar,Michael Coletti,Aaron Shmaryahu,Ilan Aharon

doi:10.3390/en14154685

Abstract

Hybridization of sources is spreading worldwide by utilizing renewable sources and storage units as standard parts of every grid. The conjunction of energy source and storage type open the door to reshaping the sustainability and robustness of the mains while improving system parameters such as efficiency and fuel consumption. The solution fits existing networks as well as new ones. The study proposes the creation of an accurate optimal sizing procedure for setting the required rating of each type of source. The first step is to model the storage and energy sources by using real experimental results for creating the generic database. Then, data on the mission profile, system constraints, and the minimization target function are inserted. The mission profile is then analyzed to determine the minimum and maximum energy source rating. Next, the real time energy management system controller is used to find the set of solutions for each available energy source and the optimal compatible storage in the revealed band to fulfil the mission task. A Pareto-curve is then plotted to present the optimal findings of the sizing procedure. Ultimately, the main research contribution is the far more accurate sizing results. A case study shows that relying on the standard method leads to noncompliance of sizing constraints, while the proposed procedure leads to fulfilling the mission successfully. First, by utilizing experimentally based energy and a storage unit. Second, by using the same real time energy management system controller in the sizing procedure.

Highlights

To validate the proposed theory, a standard sizing procedure was conducted, with the results presented in Figure 11
It was shown that the new procedure that includes unit modeling based on experimental results and an algorithm that utilized the original energy management system controller (EMSC) within the sizing procedure supplies accurate results with respect to the standard method
The real system experiment shows that the new procedure enables minimum fuel consumption while operating inside the state of charge (SoC) boundaries and finishes the load cycle at the same point of SoC as the initial value

Summary

Introduction

Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The reality of global warming and climate change caused by gas pollutants is no longer controversial [1]. The rise in energy demand has led to increased coal and oil production [2]. Governments across the world are encouraging the transition to renewable sources such as photo-voltaic (PV) [3], wind turbine (WT) [4,5], thermo-solar [6], fuel cell (FC) [7], hydropower [8], geothermal [9] and tidal & wave [10]

Objectives

Methods

Conclusion