Size effect on the magnetic properties of antiferromagneticLa0.2Ca0.8MnO3nanoparticles

Abstract

Magnetic properties of electron-doped ${\text{La}}_{0.2}{\text{Ca}}_{0.8}{\text{MnO}}_{3}$ manganite nanoparticles with average particle size ranging from 15 to 37 nm, prepared by the glycine-nitrate method, have been investigated in temperature range 5--300 K and in magnetic fields up to 90 kOe. A monotonous enhancement of weak ferromagnetism linked to the reduction in the particle size was observed for all nanoparticles. Magnetic hysteresis loops also indicate size-dependent exchange bias effect displayed by horizontal and vertical shifts in field-cooled processes. The magnetization data reveal two ferromagnetic components: first one appears at $T\ensuremath{\sim}200\text{ }\text{K}$ and may be attributed to surface magnetization and second one appears as a result of spin canting of antiferromagnetic core or is developed at some interfaces inside nanoparticles. Time evolution of magnetization recorded in magnetic fields after the field cooling to low temperatures exhibits a very noisy behavior that may be caused by formation of collective state of nanoparticles with no clear tendency to reach equilibrium state. Magnetic properties of the nanoparticle samples are compared with those of the bulk ${\text{La}}_{0.2}{\text{Ca}}_{0.8}{\text{MnO}}_{3}$.