Abstract
A six-mode scrambler based on cascaded side-wall long-period-grating waveguides on a silica planar lightwave circuit (PLC) platform is proposed for mode-division-multiplexing (MDM) transmission. The device can be fabricated with only one-step etching since it does not use a surface grating. A mode-dependent loss (MDL) of the system is estimated and the MDL can be reduced with a multiple scrambling operation. Two gratings proposed here and a fiber-pigtailed module containing these gratings are fabricated and the expected proof-of-concept mode scrambling operation is confirmed. It is found that the connection between few-mode fiber (FMF) and PLC chip seems to be the dominant loss of the module. Considering these losses, the measured results are in good agreement with the calculated results.
Published Version
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