Sistrunk technique as a surgical approach in thyroglossal duct cyst of His or Bockdalek

Abstract

Thyroglossal duct cyst is one of the most common lesions in the midline of the neck and is found in around 7% of the population. It occurs equally in both genders and is detected in the first five years in 25 to 35%, between six to 10 years in 40 to 50% and in adolescence between 75 and 90% of cases and in some cases it preserves tissue. functional thyroid and in 0.17 to 1% it is the absolute ectopic thyroid. The diagnosis is fundamentally clinical, although an ultrasound may be useful. A thyroid scintigraphy is recommended not for a positive diagnosis of a thyroglossal duct cyst, but to demonstrate the existence of a normal thyroid gland and rule out the rare thyroid ectopias, whose inadvertent removal would cause permanent hypothyroidism. Diagnostic errors are the most frequent cause of inadequate surgical technique, which produces a high recurrence rate. Since its introduction in 1920, sistrunk surgery is the ideal treatment with the best results, with recurrence limits of 0.5 to 3%, this technique considerably reduces the risk of cyst recurrence to <3%, and one of the key points for the success of the surgery is the need to resect the medial third of the hyoid bone by approximately 1.5 cm. We present the case of a female patient who underwent resection of a thyroglossal cyst with the sistrunk technique to confirm the effectiveness of the technique in reducing the percentage of recurrences.