Abstract
In this paper, the recent progress on sinuous antennas is detailed, focusing the attention on the antenna geometry, dielectric structure, and miniaturization techniques. In the first part, we introduce the basic principles of the frequency-independent antenna, in particular the self-complementary and log-periodic geometries, as well as the antenna geometries, all characterized in terms of angles. The operating principles, main advantages, system design considerations, limits, and challenges of conventional sinuous antennas are illustrated. Second, we describe some technical solutions aimed to ensure the optimal trade-off between antenna size and radiation behavior. To this aim, some special modification of the antenna geometry based on the meandering as well as on the loading with dielectric structures are presented. Moreover, the cavity backing technique is explained in detail as a method to achieve unidirectional radiation. Third, we present a new class of supershaped sinuous antenna based on a suitable merge of the 2D superformula and the sinuous curve. The effect of the free parameters change on the antenna arm geometry as well as the performance improvement in terms of directivity, beam stability, beam angle, gain, and radiating efficiency are highlighted.
Highlights
Academic Editor: Ali KhenchafDuring the last two decades, the technological evolution of mobile communications has strongly changed people’s lifestyles, and the research activities pertaining to the antenna systems design have played a significant role in the development of the so-called wireless revolution
The key problem of the antennas all characterized in terms of angles is they have to all extend to infinity because if they do not, they would have at least one characteristic length
After describing the operating requirements and principles of these kind of antennas, we analyzed how the geometric properties as self-scaling, self-complementary, and self-similarity can affect their electromagnetic behavior in terms of radiation pattern, input impedance, efficiency, and polarization
Summary
During the last two decades, the technological evolution of mobile communications has strongly changed people’s lifestyles, and the research activities pertaining to the antenna systems design have played a significant role in the development of the so-called wireless revolution. For UWB radiating elements, this challenge is even harder to fulfill, as gain, beam width, and efficiency should be properly guaranteed To this aim, several research activities, in both academic and industrial fields, are in progress for the identification of new UWB antenna geometries satisfying the above system requirements and constraints in an increasingly extended frequency band. Several research activities, in both academic and industrial fields, are in progress for the identification of new UWB antenna geometries satisfying the above system requirements and constraints in an increasingly extended frequency band They pertain to the planar antennas and they are focused on the improvement of both frequency band and gain uniformity, as well as on the polarization management capabilities, size, and weight reduction. It will analyze some technical solutions, special antenna geometries, dielectric structures, and miniaturization techniques aimed to overcome these drawbacks
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