Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Film Pengemas Aktif dari Kombinasi Kitosan-Alginat dan Asam Sitrat

Abstract

<p>Salah satu permasalahan yang terjadi di bidang pangan adalah penurunan kualitas pangan karena proses oksidasi lipid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan variasi konsentrasi asam sitrat terhadap karakteristik film Kompleks Polilektrolit (KPE) Kitosan Alginat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Film KPE pada penelitian ini diperoleh dari penambahan asam sitrat dengan variasi konsentrasi 0 ppm(A<sub>0</sub>), 5 ppm(A<sub>1</sub>), 10 ppm(A<sub>2</sub>) dan 20 ppm(A<sub>3</sub>) ke dalam larutan kitosan-alginat. Parameter uji karakteristik film meliputi uji ketebalan, kadar air, kelarutan, densitas, transparansi film, FTIR dan aktivitas antioksidan. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan penambahan asam sitrat dengan variasi konsentrasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap karakteristik film kitosan alginat. Penambahan asam sitrat mampu meningkatkan ketebalan, densitas, dan transparansi film, namun menurunkan kadar air dan kelarutan film. Film kitosan alginat dengan penambahan asam sitrat memiliki nilai ketebalan dengan kisaran 0,0123-0,0187 mm dan telah memenuhi standar ketebalan <em>edible film</em> menurut <em>Japanese Industrial Standard</em><em> </em>(JIS). Kadar air film berada pada rentang 11,74-15,85% dan telah memenuhi standar kadar air film sesuai SNI 06-3735-1995. Nilai kelarutan film berada pada rentang 8,33-12,215%, nilai transparansi film berada pada rentang 0,5127-4,9910, sedangkan nilai densitas film berada pada rentang 0,2105-2,0350 g.mL<sup>-1</sup>. Nilai aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dimiliki oleh film dengan konsentrasi asam sitrat tertinggi (film A<sub>3</sub>).</p><p><strong>Synthesis and Characterization of Active Packaging Film from a Combination of Chitosan Alginate and Citric Acid.</strong> One problem in the food sector is a decrease in food quality caused by the lipid oxidation process. This research aims to determine the effect of adding citric acid at different concentration levels to chitosan-alginate polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) films. This research used an experimental method with a quantitative approach. The concentrations of citric acid used in this research were 0 ppm(A<sub>0 </sub>film), 5 ppm(A<sub>1 </sub>film), 10 ppm(A<sub>2 </sub>film), and 20 ppm(A<sub>3 </sub>film). The physical properties tests of the films included thickness, water content, solubility, density, and transparency. The chemical properties test of the films included FTIR and antioxidant activity. Statistical test results showed that adding citric acid with varying concentrations significantly affected the characteristics of chitosan alginate films. Adding citric acid could increase film thickness, density, and transparency while decreasing film water content and solubility. The characteristics of chitosan alginate film with the addition of citric acid resulted in a film thickness of 0.0123 - 0.0187 mm. The range of the film density was 0.2105 - 2.0350 g.mL<sup>-1</sup>, while the range of water content was 11.74-15.85%. These values correspond to SNI 06-3735-1995. The value of film solubility was 8.33–12.215%. The transparency of films was 0.5127–4.9910. Antioxidant activity was tested using a DPPH solution, which showed that the highest concentration of citric acid in films had the greatest antioxidant activity.</p>