Abstract

背景与目的近年来随着临床微创技术的不断进步,胸腔镜胸腺瘤切除术经历了从三孔操作到单操作孔、单孔的发展历程。然而,单孔胸腔镜技术的可行性及安全性尚未得到普遍认可。本研究拟探讨单孔胸腔镜手术在胸腺瘤切除中的安全性与可行性,以期为临床手术方式的选择提供参考。方法回顾性分析2018年1月-2021年9月在北京同仁医院接受胸腔镜胸腺瘤切除手术治疗的197例患者的临床资料。按照手术方式将患者分为单孔胸腔镜胸腺瘤切除组(单孔组,n=42)和单操作孔胸腔镜胸腺瘤切除组(单操作孔组,n=155)。经倾向性评分匹配,单操作孔组获得与单孔组术前基线资料具有可比性的42例患者,其中单孔组男性17例、女性25例,年龄28-72(48.00±9.43)岁; 单操作孔组男性20例、女性22例,年龄30-75(50.38±9.83)岁。对比两组的临床疗效。结果两组均顺利完成手术,均无中转开胸或增加手术切口。单孔组和单操作孔组比较,胸腔引流时间和住院时间更短[(2.95±0.76) d vs (3.33±0.85) d; (4.57±0.83) d vs (5.07±1.13) d],术后24 h及72 h视觉疼痛评分更低[(3.64±0.85)分vs (4.05±0.66)分; (2.33±0.75)分vs (3.07±0.68)分],差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。单孔组、单操作孔组在手术时间[(130.00±26.23) min vs (135.24±27.03) min]、术中出血量[(69.52±22.73) mL vs (82.38±49.23) mL]等方面差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论单孔胸腔镜胸腺瘤切除术是一种安全、可行、更微创的术式,术后疼痛较多孔胸腔镜手术减轻,恢复更快。

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