Abstract
We present the application of single-shot multicontrast X-ray imaging with an inverted Hartmann mask to the time-resolved in situ visualization of chemical reaction products. The real-time monitoring of an illustrative chemical reaction indicated the formation of the precipitate by the absorption, differential phase, and scattering contrast images obtained from a single projection. Through these contrast channels, the formation of the precipitate along the mixing line of the reagents, the border between the solid and the solution, and the presence of the scattering structures of 100–200 nm sizes were observed. The measurements were performed in a flexible and robust setup, which can be tailored to various imaging applications at different time scales.
Highlights
Imaging for In Situ Visualization of Single-shot X-ray multicontrast imaging is a helpful tool for the visualization of inner structure evolution
We present the application of the inverted Hartmann mask made on a low-absorbing graphite substrate to the time-resolved in situ visualization of chemical reaction products in a single-shot imaging setup
The images obtained at measurement times 0, 25, and 113 s are shown in Differential phase contrast
Summary
Imaging for In Situ Visualization of Single-shot X-ray multicontrast imaging is a helpful tool for the visualization of inner structure evolution. Compared to conventional X-ray radiography, it offers additional contrast modalities such as phase and scattering (so-called dark-field). The phase-contrast image illustrates the wavefront irregularities caused by local differences in the real part of the refractive index [1]. Scattering contrast is obtained as a decrease in visibility of the wavefront modulation. It is attributed to the small-angle scattering caused by the structures well below the resolution of the imaging system [2]. Single-shot X-ray imaging methods based on a single optical element have the advantage of a simple and robust setup and do not require scanning the sample, in contrast to, for example, grating-based interferometry [2]. Various optical elements can be utilized, such as a two-dimensional absorption mask [3], microlens array [4,5,6,7], speckle generating diffuser [8], etc
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