Abstract
We investigate quantum scattering of a single photon packet from a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type three-level atom confined in an optical cavity. The evolution of the coupled system is analyzed by projecting the quantum state onto ``dark'' and ``bright'' states. In the asymptotic long time limit, quantum interference between these states is determined by a frequency-dependent phase angle. We present an analytic expression of such a scattering phase factor, and indicate how it leads to a family of transformations between polarization states of the photon and atom. Specific examples include quantum state swapping and the generation of maximally entangled states.
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