Abstract
This paper deals with the charging system and rail infrastructure fees use in V4 countries. The goal was to find out how the charges differ in terms of the train type, weight and distance traveled on different track categories. The charging principle for minimum access packages and for the access and services supplied in service facilities was investigated. Due to different technical, technological and other conditions for the rail infrastructure capacity utilization, the modeled situation was compared to the real one. This research shows differences between individual countries, both in the charging system and in the price for the rail infrastructure use (the prices were recalculated to € and in the PPP-purchasing power parity). It is interesting that the differences are not only significant with regard to the category of track used and the train's weight (especially in the freight transport), but with regard to other factors, as well, in particular the type of train and price for the use of railway stations.
Highlights
The major aim of the European transport policy is to achieve sustainable transport
The cheapest fees for passenger train on the first track category are in the Czech Republic, the most expensive are in Slovakia;
In the case of passenger trains, it can be stated that in all the analyzed countries there is no difference in terms of rail infrastructure charges, whether it is an express train or a lower category train, such as a regional train
Summary
The major aim of the European transport policy is to achieve sustainable transport. The European Green Deal described the aims in the same areas such as alternative fuels, multimodal transport, the Single European Sky etc. The European Union adopted a number of directives and regulations to achieve this goal, which described in the railway packages, the main goal of the Fourth Railway Package is a single European railway area. This Package comprises two “pillars” which have been negotiated largely in parallel, “technical pillar” and “market pillar”. The development of the railway infrastructure and improvement of quality of the rail passenger services are the key priorities in promotion of a sustainable transport and mobility system in Europe [3]
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