Abstract
The main avoidable risk factor for cardiovascular conditions is high blood pressure (hypertension). At global level, hypertension is believed to be responsible for a 54% stroke-related mortality rate and a 47% mortality rate associated with coronary heart disease. It is postulated that sinapic acid (SA) could help in hypertension management because it displays robust antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, and peroxynitrite scavenging effects. To explore this hypothesis, this work examined the effect of SA on oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease in rats with hypertension by comparison against captopril. For this purpose, 50 male rats were used and equally allocated to five groups, namely, normal control, positive control (L-NAME), L-NAME with concomitant captopril administration, L-NAME with concomitant SA administration, and L-NAME with concomitant administration of both SA and captopril. Results showed that, by contrast to control, L-NAME exhibited marked elevation in serum CK-MB, total cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL-C, LDL-C, Ang II, AT2R, ET-1, and angiopoietin-2; on the other hand, L-NAME exhibited marked reduction in serum HDL-C, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), and glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, joint administration of SA and captopril ameliorated hypertension, enhanced cardiovascular function, hindered hyperlipidemia, and decreased oxidative stress and myocardial hypertrophy displayed by rats with hypertension. Based on such findings, better chemopreventive or therapeutic approaches can be devised to manage hypertension and cardiovascular conditions.
Highlights
The force of the blood against the walls of arteries during its circulation through the body is known as the blood pressure
Blood pressure and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are influenced by lifestyle and diet [6]
The systolic blood pressure showed significant increase in L-NAME, L-NAME plus sinapic acid (SA), and L-NAME plus captopril groups compared with the control group
Summary
The force of the blood against the walls of arteries during its circulation through the body is known as the blood pressure. Hypertension is a primary risk factor for a range of conditions, including stroke, coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction, kidney disease, heart failure, and peripheral vascular disease, which is why it is a major issue for public health [2]. In both developed and developing nations, hypertension is associated with a high mortality and morbidity rate because it is widely prevalent and can heighten the likelihood of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and atherosclerosis [3, 4]. Blood pressure and CVD risk factors are influenced by lifestyle and diet [6]
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