Abstract
Foam flooding is considered as one of the beneficial chemical enhanced oil recovery techniques to increase the value of gas viscosity and thereby, the efficiency of the produced oil would be improved dramatically rather than other methodologies. The objective of this extensive study is to determine a suitable injectivity model for one of the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir in which hydrolyzed polyacrylamide concentration in the solution foam has the most recovery factor. To do this, the results of laboratory investigation and simulation analysis are taken into consideration in different injectivity scenarios to obtain the more efficient scenario. Consequently, higher concentration of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide in the foaming agent, the high volume of oil has been produced after 10 years of producing. Furthermore, by selecting three cores from the three wells in this field, it is clarified that, owing to the increasing the volume of foam in the injectivity fluid, the pressure drop increased dramatically and subsequently has leaded to produced more oil volume.
Highlights
The common methodologies of enhanced oil recovery entail chemical flooding, thermal recovery, gas flooding, or solvent flooding and in some occasions due to the reservoir characteristics, a combination of the mentioned techniques are administered to the oil recovery enhancement (Ahmed et al, 2017; Almaqbali et al, 2017; AlYousef et al, 2018; Davarpanah, 2018)
The widespread application of foam in petroleum industries due to its high potential for sweep efficiency in the improved oil recovery techniques is considered as the preferable methodologies; in respect the way, it reduced the mobility of gas phase and subsequently neglecting the gas directional flow in the reservoirs
In the porous medium, foam is considered as the gas dispersion in the liquid phase, in which the liquid phase is the continuous phase and in some parts of the gas phase it appeared as the discontinuous phase in the forms of thin film layers (Hosseini-Nasab and Zitha, 2017; Hou et al, 2018; Jeong and Corapcioglu, 2003)
Summary
The common methodologies of enhanced oil recovery entail chemical flooding, thermal recovery, gas flooding, or solvent flooding and in some occasions due to the reservoir characteristics, a combination of the mentioned techniques are administered to the oil recovery enhancement (Ahmed et al, 2017; Almaqbali et al, 2017; AlYousef et al, 2018; Davarpanah, 2018). The widespread application of foam in petroleum industries due to its high potential for sweep efficiency in the improved oil recovery techniques is considered as the preferable methodologies; in respect the way, it reduced the mobility of gas phase and subsequently neglecting the gas directional flow in the reservoirs. Foam has another advantages that might be had influential impact on the reservoir characteristics; this beneficial effects are improvement of acidizing stimulation by transferring the injected acid into the damaged areas or those layers that have lower permeabilities near the wellbore and, it is used in drilling and cementing operations regarding its lower amount of density, and its potential for solid transportation. Two-dimensional presentation of foam system are being graphically depicted in Figure 1 (Jones et al, 2016a, 2016b; Kapetas et al, 2016, 2017; Khoshnevis et al, 2017; Li et al, 2006; Razmjoo et al, 2017)
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