Abstract
This paper reported a new analytical method for the simultaneous determination of seven benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers and seven antibacterial agents in textiles. After ultrasonic extraction for the textile samples in methanol, the solutions were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromotagraphy/orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC/Orbitrap HRMS). It showed that a good chromatographic separation for these target compounds was achieved by a Hypersil GOLD column (100 mm × 2.1 mm × 1.9 μm) with a gradient elution of methanol and 0.1% aqueous formic acid solution (containing 0.5 mmol/L ammonium acetate). Triclosan and 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl phenol (PCMX) were detected by the orbitrap HRMS in an electrospray ionization (ESI) negative mode while the other twelve target compounds were detected by orbitrap HRMS in ESI positive mode. Full scan experiment was performed over the range from m/z 100 to m/z 500. These target compounds were routinely detected with mass accuracy below 2 × 10-6 (2 ppm) at the optimized conditions. The results showed that the limits of detection (LODs) were in the range from 0.1 to 0.3 μg/kg. The blank samples were spiked at three levels and their average recoveries varied from 80.5% to 96.3% while the relative standard deviation (RSD) changed from 3.2% to 9.9%. The present method was also applied for the determination of those ultraviolet absorbers and antibacterial agents in the commercial textiles.
Highlights
Functional finishing such as ultraviolet-resistance and antibiosisis often applied to textiles in order to improve their performance in use [1]-[8]
Isothiazolinones, triclosan and 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl phenol (PCMX) are the chemicals that have a broad spectrum of activity against fungi and bacteria, they are widely used as the antibacterial agents for the control of microorganisms in textile [10] [11]
The typical ultraviolet absorbers used in textiles, i.e., benzotriazoles, are 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-di-tert-butylphenol (UV-320), 2-tert-butyl-6-(5chloro-2H-benzotrizol-2-yl)-4-methylphenol (UV-326), 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-(5chloro-benzotriazol-2-yl)phenol(UV-327), 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-di-tertpentylphenol (UV-328), and 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-(tert-butyl)-6-(sec-butyl) phenol (UV-350), among which UV-320 and UV-327 have been banned by the Japanese government since 2007
Summary
Functional finishing such as ultraviolet-resistance and antibiosisis often applied to textiles in order to improve their performance in use [1]-[8]. Isothiazolinones, triclosan and 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl phenol (PCMX) are the chemicals that have a broad spectrum of activity against fungi and bacteria, they are widely used as the antibacterial agents for the control of microorganisms in textile [10] [11]. Benzotriazoles are basically the persistent, bio-accumulative and toxic compounds [9] [12]-[16] while isothiazolinones, triclosan and PCMX are the skin irritants and strong contact allergens [17]-[25]. These chemicals are strictly regulated by many countries and organizations. The analytical methods that can efficiently quantify these substances in textiles is very important in order to monitor the contents of these substances in textiles from commercial market
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