Abstract
基于质谱数据库,建立了超高效液相色谱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UHPLC-Orbitrap HRMS)快速筛查和确证凉茶中167种非法添加药物的方法。通过调研,选定了解热镇痛药、糖皮质激素、抗菌药、抗组胺药等167种药物,并利用Orbitrap HRMS和TraceFinder软件采集和记录每种药物的信息,建立高分辨质谱数据库。样品以50%(v/v)甲醇水溶液超声提取。样品溶液采用Waters XBrigde BEH C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 2.5 μm)分离,0.1%(v/v)甲酸水溶液-0.1%(v/v)甲酸乙腈溶液梯度洗脱。Orbitrap HRMS以全扫描/数据依赖二级质谱扫描(Full MS/dd-MS2)模式,正、负离子同时切换采集数据。将样品数据导入TraceFinder软件,以母离子精确质量数、保留时间、碎片离子精确质量数等进行数据库自动筛查。若某成分的母离子精确质量数实测值与理论值偏差小于5×10-6,保留时间偏差小于20 s,至少一个碎片离子精确质量数实测值与理论值偏差小于5×10-6,且二级质谱与数据库收录谱图相似,可判定该成分检出。结果表明,方法特异性好,各成分线性关系良好,相关系数(r)大于0.99。培氟沙星等5种成分存在本底干扰,不宜采用该法进行定量,其余162种成分回收率为66.4%~118.1%,精密度RSD (n=6)为0.1%~16.1%。方法在0.2 mg/kg下可筛查83种成分,1.0 mg/kg下可筛查167种成分。方法应用于245批样品,检出12批问题样品,阳性成分有对乙酰氨基酚、双氯芬酸钠、氯苯那敏等,并检出标准方法外成分金刚烷胺、右美沙芬、溴苯那敏和环丙沙星。方法检测速度快,分析成分多,筛查结果准确,为凉茶非法添加药物高通量筛查提供了新的技术支撑。
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