Simulator Investigation of the VTOL Transport

Abstract

In order to explore the handling and performance qualities of a future civil VTOL aircraft some fairly extensive flight simulation trials have been carried out. The simulated aircraft was a slender delta fitted with four banks of lift engines representing sixteen lift fan engines located on both sides of the fuselage. Thrust vectoring and thrust modulation were assumed for aircraft control in VTOL phases of flight, and conventional aerodynamic surfaces in wingborne flight. The simulator cockpit was equipped with the conventional dual flying controls and instrument panels typical of current jet airliners, but with some minor modifications to suit the VTOL role. Engine controls were modified as necessary, and a simple head-up display was incorporated. An analogue computer having some 400 amplifiers was used, for aircraft simulation in six degrees of freedom. Test pilots with current jet VTOL aircraft and helicopter flying experience participated in the piloted trials. The results of these trials indicated that the introduction of fail-safe autostabilization system into VTOL transport may be necessary in roll, pitch, yaw and in height. Very steep and vertical flight profiles, considered necessary to meet noise abatement rules during city center operations were studied and these proved to be feasible. Double lift fan engine failures could be controlled providing, at least, attitude demand autostabilization system in roll and in pitch was available. Particular attention was given to the cockpit controls layout, and to head up display. A gradual