Simulation of thermodynamic systems in calcium-based chemical looping gasification of municipal solid waste for hydrogen-rich syngas production

Abstract

This study explores calcium-based chemical looping gasification (CLG) as a method for managing municipal solid waste (MSW), with a focus on converting MSW into hydrogen-rich syngas. The innovative CS-MgO-ZrO2 calcium-based sorbent has been identified as optimal, facilitating fluidization crucial for operational stability and economic feasibility. Key discoveries include heightened H2 concentration and CO2 capture efficiency under specific operational parameters (4000 kg/h solid flow rate, 6000 kg/h steam flow rate), despite diminished H2 production at carbon conversion rates (≥0.80). Below 0.38 carbon conversion rates, a syngas injection ratio of 0.18, and oxygen flow rates >1200 kg/h induce spontaneous reactor heating, compromising efficiency and escalating costs. Furthermore, utilizing syngas in the regenerator ensures self-sufficiency and supplementary thermal energy, thereby reducing dependence on external energy sources. This research addresses critical deficiencies in waste-to-energy technologies, emphasizing potential strides in sustainable municipal waste management and energy generation.