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Abstract
A one-dimensional dynamic model of heat and moisture transfer in the soil has been developed. The use of the ERA-40 reanalysis as input data makes it possible to compute characteristics of the soil thermal and hydrological regimes, including watershed runoff, from specified climatic characteristics of the atmosphere. Results are presented of numerical experiments on a comparison of the model estimates of the depths of seasonal thawing with observations at several Siberian stations. For the latter half of the 20th century, the depths of seasonal thawing are mapped and runoff from watersheds of the largest Siberian rivers is computed. The model reproduces observed runoff variations. For the Ob basin, the model-derived runoff estimates agree well with observational data if peat deposits in the upper 2-m layer are taken into account.
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