Abstract
Single room heaters are usually type tested with constant draft and are allowed under these conditions. However, the mode of operation of the user’s firing usually deviates significantly from these conditions of approval, since these are operated in most cases by natural draft and not by constant draft. Since the repeatability of natural draft is hardly given due to the changing environmental conditions, a simulation has been developed, which can simulate the natural draft with high accuracy. Thus, it is basically possible to replicate the natural draft with constant environmental conditions and to use it for test bench measurements. It is a purely physical simulation that does not require any calibration parameters. Chimney geometry and environmental boundary conditions, such as the outside temperature, can be chosen freely. In addition, the cost of the necessary hardware is very low, since the system only needs cheap thermocouples, pressure sensors, and a small USB module for data acquisition.
Highlights
Characterization of single room heaters according to their airborne emissions is a serious duty, as avoiding of health risks is an important responsibility of governments
Acceptable emission levels are often set up based on a lot of scientific studies and on political compromises according to existing base levels of emissions
2 Objectives The objective of this paper is to describe a method of simulating the natural draft, which can be used to measure single room heaters for test purposes
Summary
Characterization of single room heaters according to their airborne emissions is a serious duty, as avoiding of health risks is an important responsibility of governments. Three aspects have to be considered: (i) acceptable emissions, (ii) derived emission limits, and (iii) an appropriate measuring regulation to have a reproducible and significant result. Acceptable emission levels are often set up based on a lot of scientific studies and on political compromises according to existing base levels of emissions. First difficulty is to come to an appropriate transition calculation to set up the emission levels. Very often the regulations are another political compromise between existing knowledge, state of the art of technical reduction options, and the market. The limits are strongly connected to the measurement setup. A compromise is necessary between reproducibility, comparability to real-life emissions, and costs of the procedure
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