Abstract
This article explores the issue of shore protection from sea waves and has presented the main methods used for coastal protection. It discusses the construction and operation of the multi-tubular floating sea wave damper that has been developed at the Maritime University of Szczecin by Professor Bolesław Kuźniewski. This paper presents the results of the research project aimed at creating and examining a prototype of the device. The research aimed to confirm the two hypotheses: “the largest damping force should occur when the damping units are placed at an optimal distance equal to half the length of the wave to be damped” and “a compensation of the horizontal forces caused by the rippling of water should occur in the damping device”. Simulation studies of the behaviour of the device’s buoyancy elements when floating on waves were performed using the ANSYS AQWAWB and AQWA software. The buoyancy components were modelled as TUBE elements with a diameter of 0.11 m and a length of 1.5 m and as triangular and square surface elements. The results of the experimental research and the computer simulation of the operation of the prototype device have also been presented. The external conditions adopted corresponded to the frequency of a wave equal to 0.807 Hz and to the wave height in front of the device which was equal to 0.1 m. Experimental studies were conducted in an auxiliary model basin with dimensions of 60 m × 7 m × 3.12 m at the Ship Hydromechanics Division, Ship Design and Research Centre (CTO S. A.) in Gdańsk (Poland). The study recorded the distribution of the vertical and horizontal forces acting on the prototype device as well as the wave height both in front of and behind the device. Both hypotheses were proven. Simulation and experimental studies have been summarised. A proposal for future works has also been presented.
Highlights
Effective protection of the sea shore remains a valid but still unsolved social issue that forms part of the responsibilities of any public authority
The examination was carried out to measure both the vertical and horizontal forces caused by the rippling water and, subsequently, to analyse the results of the measurements of the forces in order to perform: â â â a harmonic analysis of the horizontal forces acting on the damping units; a harmonic analysis of the waves that trigger these forces; an analysis of the compensation of the horizontal forces
These damping values were considered unsatisfactory. The conclusions from this series of tests was that further investigation was needed in order to create another prototype with much better damping characteristics through the application of additional dissipative elements that would limit the circular motion of the rippling water molecules in the vertical direction
Summary
Effective protection of the sea shore remains a valid but still unsolved social issue that forms part of the responsibilities of any public authority. The coastal area is a space of human expansion which includes the majority of hydrotechnical facilities. 60% of the world’s population inhabit coastal areas [1]. These areas are directly related to many fields of human activity, such as industry, trade, agriculture, fishing and tourism. The most important factors that cause water movement in coastal zones are surface waves and wave-driven currents [11,12,13]. Dynamic phenomena occurring in coastal zones [14], including wind-driven sea waves which are a major cause, contribute to coastal erosion and abrasion [15].
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